Overview
The cycle study aligns electrical timing with pressure and the PV-derived chamber volume. Hover or touch on a paused figure moves the shared time marker; ECG segments, valve events, Wiggers and PV inspection refer to that same point in the selected beat.
Valve opening/closure landmarks are idealized from the modeled pressure contours and ejection timing. Atrial pressure is time-aligned for the cycle comparison; an uncorrected transported wedge waveform should not be mistaken for instantaneous direct LA pressure.
Seven-phase presentation
The teaching legend distinguishes atrial contraction, contraction, rapid ejection, reduced ejection, relaxation, rapid filling and reduced filling. Names change where a leak, septal flow or continuous pump drainage makes “isovolumic” inaccurate. An absent organized atrial contraction is not given a normal atrial kick.
LV/RV selection changes pressure, volume and valve context. Restriction/constriction comparisons can add the opposite ventricular pressure. A cycle diagram is a representative beat rather than every event in a long irregular rhythm sequence.
Murmur-gradient shading
Each selected lesion defines an upstream chamber/vessel, a downstream chamber/vessel and the active phase. Shading follows their simultaneous positive driving-pressure difference during the relevant phase. AS/PS are outflow comparisons; MS/TS are inflow comparisons; regurgitation reverses the direction during its leak phase.
The shaded area is not a Gorlin valve area, a Doppler velocity envelope, acoustic energy or an independently measured murmur. Mixed lesions can require separate comparisons; pressure crossings and timing determine what is filled.
Inspection and interpretation
Mouseover explains the local ECG or pressure segment and the associated valve event. The marker can remain visible while paused without a separate slider. Mobile touch provides the same time selection within the available figure area.
Annotations derive from known scenario/timing metadata; they are not an automatic interpretation of an uploaded tracing. Scale and layout improve legibility without changing the underlying calculated pressures or volumes.
References & further reading