CIRCULATION STUDIO FIELD GUIDE
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Interventions
Every drug, maneuver, device and electrical intervention.
Nitroglycerin
Find Nitroglycerin in Vasodilators. NO-mediated cGMP signaling; venodilation predominates at lower doses, reducing preload.
Nitroprusside
Find Nitroprusside in Vasodilators. Rapid NO donor causing arterial and venous dilation; reduces afterload and preload.
Norepinephrine
Find Norepinephrine in Vasopressors. Predominant α₁ vasoconstriction with β₁ support; raises SVR and perfusion pressure.
Passive leg raise
Find Passive leg raise in Maneuvers. Transient redistribution of venous blood toward the thorax tests preload responsiveness without an infused fluid bolus. CO increases only with adequate cardiac reserve; congestion may rise with little output benefit.
Pericardiocentesis
Find Pericardiocentesis in Procedures. Drainage reduces intrapericardial pressure, restoring diastolic filling and stroke volume. Atrial pressures fall and separate; BP rises and pulsus paradoxus recedes.
Phenylephrine
Find Phenylephrine in Vasopressors. Selective α₁ agonist; increases SVR without direct inotropy and may cause reflex bradycardia.
Procainamide · IV
Find Procainamide · IV in Rate & rhythm. Class IA sodium-channel blockade slows conduction; parent drug and NAPA prolong refractoriness. Renal clearance affects accumulation.
Propofol
Find Propofol in Sedation. GABA-mediated hypnosis reduces sympathetic vascular tone; myocardial and respiratory depression increase with exposure. No analgesia.
Squat
Find Squat in Maneuvers. Squatting transiently increases venous return and systemic resistance. A larger LV cavity and higher afterload usually reduce dynamic LVOT obstruction and delay the MVP click; fixed regurgitation can still increase with afterload.
Stand from squat
Find Stand from squat in Maneuvers. Standing after squatting releases vascular compression and reduces venous return. The immediate BP/volume dip may provoke HOCM obstruction or an earlier MVP click; intact reflexes increase sinus rate.
Surgical tricuspid valve
Find Surgical tricuspid valve in Experimental. Surgical replacement corrects native tricuspid regurgitation or stenosis, reducing RA valve-related pressure burden. RV afterload can increase after eliminating TR.
Synchronized DCCV
Find Synchronized DCCV in Electricity. An R-wave-synchronized electrical shock interrupts susceptible tachyarrhythmia circuits while avoiding the vulnerable repolarization period.
TAVI
Find TAVI in Experimental. A transcatheter tissue valve relieves native aortic obstruction. LV systolic load falls, with a small remaining flow-dependent prosthetic gradient.
Temporary transvenous pacing
Find Temporary transvenous pacing in Electricity. Electrical ventricular capture raises ventricular rate; isolated V pacing does not restore AV synchrony.
Tricuspid clip
Find Tricuspid clip in Experimental. Leaflet approximation reduces tricuspid regurgitation and systolic RA c–v loading; a restrictive opening can impair RV filling.